Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in Children with Autism in Western Maharashtra

Abstract

This study delves into the often overlooked realm of oral health-related quality of life in children with autism in Western Maharashtra. Autism, characterized by distinctive strengths and challenges affecting social interaction and communication, is a spectrum disorder with varying support needs. The overarching objective of this research is to comprehensively assess the oral health status and gauge the impact on the quality of life of children with autism, with a specific focus on parental perceptions. Conducted as a cross-sectional survey in June 2023, the study engaged 79 parents of children clinically diagnosed with autism. Employing a one-on-one interview format, participants responded to 20 questions addressing various aspects of oral health. The shortened version of the Parental-Caregiver Perceptions Questionnaire (P-CPQ) was utilized to measure oral health quality of life, encompassing domains such as oral symptoms, functional limitations, emotional well-being, and family distress. Results unveiled a nuanced landscape, with 40.5% of parents reporting their child's oral health as average. Notably, 62% of parents expressed their child experiencing occasional oral pain, while 43% reported instances of bleeding gums. Significantly, 38% of parents admitted being upset due to their child's oral health condition. These findings underscore the multifaceted challenges faced by families of children with autism, with oral health exerting a substantial impact on the physical, mental, and emotional well-being of both the child and their caregivers. In conclusion, this study contributes valuable insights into the intricate interplay between autism and oral health, shedding light on the broader implications for the quality of life of these individuals and their families. The research underscores the necessity for targeted interventions to address oral health issues and enhance the overall well-being of children with autism in Western Maharashtra.