Advancements in Protein Folding: Implications for Disease Mechanisms

Abstract

The dynamics of protein folding are essential for both the etiology of disease and cellular function. Comprehending the complex processes that dictate protein folding has revealed its importance in a range of medical ailments, including cancer, metabolic disorders, and neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson's and Alzheimer's. This review examines the implications of protein folding studies for disease mechanisms by synthesizing current advances in the field. Examining the intricacies of post-translational changes, the cellular milieu, and molecular chaperones, this study underscores the significance of protein misfolding in the advancement of disease. It also covers therapeutic approaches that aim to correct abnormal protein folding, including RNA-based interventions, gene therapies, immunotherapies, and small molecules. Therapeutic methods are a dynamic field that presents promising options for the management of disorders resulting from dysregulation of proteostasis.