Novel Drug Delivery Systems for Targeting Tumor Microenvironment

Abstract

The advancement of cancer, resistance to treatment, and metastasis are all significantly influenced by the tumor microenvironment (TME). Traditional treatment options face substantial obstacles due to the dynamic and complicated character of this condition. Innovative drug delivery methods have surfaced as viable approaches to accurately target the TME, increasing therapeutic efficacy and reducing off-target effects. This thorough analysis examines cutting-edge medication delivery methods designed to specifically address the complex elements of the TME. It explores methods based on nanoparticles, including liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, and dendrimers, emphasizing how they can maximize drug accumulation inside the tumor while reducing systemic toxicity. It also covers techniques based on biomaterials, ligand-targeted approaches, stimuli-responsive systems, and cell-mediated drug delivery systems that aim to modulate the TME for better therapeutic effects.

This review also covers new directions and future directions in TME-targeted therapies, such as personalized medicine, nanotechnology developments for precise drug delivery system engineering, the combination of immunomodulation and traditional therapy, exosome-based therapeutics, sophisticated imaging modalities for TME monitoring, artificial intelligence integration in TME analysis, and translational challenges in clinical applications. By permitting precise targeting of the heterogeneous TME and opening the door for more effective and individualized therapeutic interventions, understanding and utilizing these cutting-edge drug delivery methods and developing trends holds great promise to revolutionize cancer therapy paradigms.