Resilience Factors in Trauma Survivors: A Review of Protective Mechanisms

Abstract

This review study looks at the complex idea of resilience in trauma survivors, emphasizing the defense systems that help people adjust and heal after a traumatic event. This study examines biological, psychological, and social elements and summarizes recent research to clarify the various aspects that contribute to resilience. The concept of resilience—which includes behavioral, emotional, and cognitive aspects—is examined, with a focus on how dynamic and adaptive it is. To reveal the complex mechanisms of resilience, biological foundations such as genetic predispositions, neurological pathways, and physiological responses are investigated. The role of psychological elements like cognitive flexibility, adaptive coping mechanisms, and post-traumatic growth in fostering resilience in trauma survivors is investigated. Furthermore, social support is emphasized as a critical factor that influences resilience on both an individual and group level. Effective support techniques are intended to be guided by insights into interventions and implications for clinical practice resulting from understanding resilience variables among trauma survivors. The present knowledge of resilience is consolidated in this review, which provides a thorough framework to guide clinical and research endeavors that support trauma survivors in their road to recovery.