“Prevalence of Hypertension in school going adolescents – A Prospective observational Cross-sectional study”
Main Article Content
Abstract
Introduction: Hypertension is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and premature mortality worldwide, affecting approximately one billion individuals, with a higher prevalence in developing countries. Globally, hypertension is defined as having an average systolic blood pressure of at least 140 mmHg, an average diastolic blood pressure of at least 90 mmHg, or the use of antihypertensive medication, with a prevalence of 31%. In India, the prevalence of hypertension among adults is slightly lower at 28%.
Materials and Methodology: This cross-sectional study focused on school adolescents aged 13-17 years, with a calculated sample size of 200. The study was conducted over four months at Shri Ambe Vidhyalaya School in Vadodara, Gujarat, India. Inclusion criteria included willingness to participate and being an adolescent aged 13-17 years, while exclusion criteria included unwillingness to participate, advised rest for more than 15 days due to sickness in the last 6 months, acute or chronic illness, and absence during the study period. Data collection included a self-administered questionnaire, anthropometric measurements, and blood pressure measurements.
Results: Out of 200 subjects, 52.2% were male and 47.5% were female. The prevalence of hypertension and prehypertension was 4.86% and 14.02%, respectively. Factors such as gender, junk food consumption, and sleep hours were not statistically significant, while family history was significantly associated with high blood pressure and hypertension. Conclusion: The study concludes that among school adolescents, the prevalence of raised blood pressure is 14.02%, with hypertension at 4.86%. Family history was significantly associated with hypertension, while other factors such as gender, junk food consumption, and sleep hours were not statistically linked.
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References
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