A Randomized Controlled Trial Investigating The Efficacy Of A 6-Week PERMA-Based Intervention For Enhancing Cognitive And Affective Aspects Of Life In Elderly Individuals
Main Article Content
Abstract
The PERMA model is a framework developed by Martin Seligman, a prominent positive psychology researcher. It comprises five dimensions that are essential for promoting human flourishing: Positive Emotion, Engagement, Relationships, Meaning, and Accomplishment. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of the PERMA model in enhancing cognitive and affective aspects of elderly individuals. A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 60 participants (30 in the experimental group and 30 in the control group). The experimental group received a six-week intervention based on the PERMA model, while the control group received no intervention. Results showed that the PERMA model intervention was effective in improving cognitive and affective aspects of elderly participants. Specifically, the experimental group showed significant improvement in their positive emotions, engagement, relationships, meaning, and accomplishment, aswellas in their cognitivefunction and well-being. These findings suggest that the PERMA model may be a useful tool for promoting positive aging among elderly individuals.
Article Details
References
Bishop, S. R., Lau, M., Shapiro, S., Carlson, L., Anderson, N. D., Carmody, J., ... & Devins, G. (2004). Mindfulness: A proposed operational definition. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 11(3), 230-241. Hill, N. T. M., Mowszowski, L., Naismith, S. L., Chadwick, V. L., Valenzuela, M., Lampit, A., & Diamond, K. (2017). Computerized cognitive training in older adults with mild cognitive impairment or dementia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 174(4), 329-340. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2016.16030360
Hsu, C. L., Wang, S. W.,Wu, T. H., Hsu,W. C., & Chang, Y. K. (2019). Effects of acute aerobic exercise on cognitive flexibility require task complexity and individual variability. Psychophysiology, 56(6), e13350.
wang, Y. S., Shin, N., & Cho, S. H. (2019). Effectsof mindfulness-based interventions on cognitive function in elderly: A systematic review. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 82, 192-196. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2018.11.012
Khosravi, M., Ong, S. L., & Wong, S. S. (2021). Positive psychology interventions and quality of life among older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Aging & Mental Health, 25(2), 229-240. https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2019.1687741
Kjell, O. N., Daukantaitė, D., & Hefferon, K. (2016). A meta-analysis of the impact of gratitudeexerciseson subjectivewell-being. Journal of HappinessStudies, 18(6), 1767-1791.
McEwen, L. N., Cassie, K. M., & Finkelstein, E. A. (2016). Time spent in sedentary behaviors predicts cognitive decline and mobility impairment in older adults. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 50(3), 281-289. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2015.07.020
Ong, A. D., Bergeman, C. S., & Bisconti, T. L. (2004). The role of daily positive emotions during conjugal bereavement. Journal of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences, 59B(4), 168-176. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/59.4.P168
Rashid, T., Anjum, A., & Lennox, C. (2011). A qualitative study of positive psychological changes following trauma: A phenomenological perspective. Journal of Loss and Trauma, 16(1), 1-17.
Reijnders, J., van Heugten, C., & van Boxtel, M. (2013). Cognitive interventions in healthy older adults and people with mild cognitive impairment: A systematic review. Ageing Research Reviews, 12(1), 263-275. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arr.2012.07.003 11. Seligman, M. E. (2011). Flourish: A visionary new understanding of happiness and well-being. Simon and Schuster.
Seligman, M. E. P., Steen, T. A., Park, N., & Peterson, C. (2005). Positive psychology progress: Empirical validation of interventions. American Psychologist, 60(5), 410-421. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.60.5.410
Sin, N. L., & Lyubomirsky, S. (2009). Enhancing well-being and alleviating depressive symptoms with positive psychology interventions: A practice-friendly meta-analysis. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 65(5), 467-487. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.20593
World Health Organization. (2018). Ageing and health. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/ageing-and-health
World Health Organization. (2018). World report on ageing and health. World Health Organization.
Zhang, J. W., Howell, R. T., & Stolarski, M. (2019). Comparing three ways to increase well-being: Gratitude interventions are more effective than kindness or mindfulness interventions. Journal of Happiness Studies, 20(2), 569-587.
Zhang, X., Liu, Y., & Zhao, H. (2019). A pilot study of a positive psychology intervention to improvecognitivefunction and well-being among older adultswith mild cognitive impairment. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 702. https://doi.org/