An Analytical Review of ORANS: The Traditional Knowledge of Conservation And Management of Natural Environment
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Abstract
Conservation and management of the natural environment are not new to humankind. Since the dawn of civilization, people have understood the importance of protecting biodiversity. Sacred Groves (SGs) are real-world examples of a system for conserving the environment that is present almost everywhere in the world. These SCs go by many names in India, including Koli Kadu in Tamil Nadu, Orans in Rajasthan and Gujarat, Pavithravanams in Andhra Pradesh, Dev-van in Himachal Pradesh, and many others. Every region of the country has unique and indigenous methods to protect and conserve these SCs. This traditional Land Use Practice of Western Rajasthan Orans is a unique example of Gene Pool Conservation based on a sociocultural and economic value system. The goal of this study is to review the participatory methods and management approaches used for the conservation of orans. Varied parts of the country have different conservation and management strategies for SCs, but this study focuses on the hot, desert region of Western Rajasthan. The study finds out how the pastoral community manages the natural resource and conserves biodiversity in the harshest climatic condition of the region by facing various threats to the existence of Orans. Many NGOs, environmentalists, and foresters conducted research to safeguard, restore, and conserve Orans, but this study is attempting to determine the planner’s role in preserving this ancient treasure of our civilization. The coordinated effort from everyone will aid in preserving this systemic knowledge from India.
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