Assessment Of Clinical Profile And Outcome Of Newborn Babies Admitted To The Hospital, A Level 2 Neonatal ICU: A Tertiary Care Centre At Northern India.
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Abstract
Background: The neonatal period is the most vulnerable time for a child’s survival. There is a high risk of mortality in their first month of life at a global rate of 18 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2017. 47% of deaths among children under five were newborns in 2017 . In 2016, 1 million children died from preterm birth complications . The neonatal mortality rate in India is 28 per 1000 live birth and In 2020, the infant mortality rate in the state of Uttar Pradesh in India was 38 deaths per 1,000 live births. Infant mortality is measured by the number of deaths of children under one year of age per 1,000 live births.
Aims and Objectives: To assess the clinical profile and outcome of newborn babies admitted to the hospital, a level 2 neonatal ICU.
Materials and Methods: The present study is a retrospective descriptive study. The study was conducted at S.M.M.H. Government Medical College, Saharanpur, Uttar Pradesh, and F.H Medical College Agra, Uttar Pradesh, Bharat. The data was taken from the our hospital records over a period of one year May 2022 to April 2023 all newborn admitted during the study period were included. Data regarding the place of delivery, inborn delivery or out born, gender, gestational age, weight on admission, Indication for admission, mode of delivery, final diagnosis, duration of stay and treatment outcome were collected.
Results and Observations: Data regarding a total of 880 neonates were admitted to our hospital during the study period of one year between May 2022 to April 2023 was analyzed. Study showed the number of male babies was more than female babies. 79.6% of babies were term babies and 20.3% of babies were preterm among them 2.1% of babies were below 32 weeks. 61.8% of babies were more than 2500 gm, 36.3 %babies were in low birth weight, 1.7% were in very low birth weight and 0.2 % were in extremely low birth weight.
Conclusion: The present study showed high proportions of inborn infants (89.5%). There were more number of male infants admitted to our hospital . The commonest cause for admission was neonatal jaundice 31.5%.The incidence of LBW was 38.2 % higher than the national average. The percentage of preterm babies admitted was 20.6%. The mode of delivery by caesarean section was 46.2%.The incidence of Respiratory distress syndrome 15.6%, birth asphyxia 12.8%, Neonatal sepsis 7.42%, Meconium aspiration was6.6% and hypoglycaemia was 2.2% respectively. The mortality rate in our hospital was 0.9%. The referral rate was 13.5% in the present study
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