Antioxidant effect of Cassia auriculata (Flowers, Leaves and Seeds) on diabetes: Systematic review
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Abstract
The herbal medicines are selected over modern medicine due to their efficacy, safety and lesser side effects. Cassia auriculata is an evergreen shrub that grows in many parts of India and in other countries of Asia. C. auriculata has been used medically for many years to treat chronic disorders. It is commonly eradicated by cutting and digging the whole plants and sometime herbicides are used to control. However, it has very good medicinal properties which are widely used in India and popular in indigenous system of medicines like Ayurveda and Siddha. Flower of this plants are used in skin disorders, rheumatism, bark and leaves as astringent and anthelmintic, powdered parts are used for opthalmia, conjunctivitis, diabetes etc. C. auriculata is one among the medicinal plant that has been used by human for centuries as a medicinal herb. The whole plant is used for treating diabetes. C. auriculata has been reported to produce significant antihyperglycemic effect. Administration of C. auriculata has significant antidiabetic effect in streptozotocin (STZ)-nicotinamide induced diabetes. Oxidative stress plays an important role in the development of chronic complications of diabetes and is postulated to be associated with increased lipid peroxidation. Oxidative stress was determined by measuring lipid peroxidative markers and enzymic and non-enzymic antioxidants. Oxidative stress results from an imbalance between the generation of oxygen derived radicals and the organism’s antioxidant potential. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and hydroperoxides from plasma and tissues (liver and kidney) of diabetic rats were significantly increased and enzymic antioxidants: superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and non-enzymic antioxidants: vitamin C, vitamin E, reduced glutathione (GSH) were significantly decreased with significant increase in the level of ceruloplasmin in diabetic control rats. Administration of C. auriculata flowers extract (CFEt), C. auriculata leaf extract (CLEt) and C. auriculata seeds extract (CSEt) significantly decreased the levels of TBARS and hydroperoxides accompanied with significant increase in the activities of enzymic antioxidant as well as non-enzymic antioxidants. Sequential metabolic correlation between decreased lipid peroxidation and increased antioxidant activities, stimulated by C. auriculata, may be by the possible biochemical mechanism through which glucose homeostasis was regulated.
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