Understanding The Role Of Oxidants And Antioxidants In The Prevention And Mitigation Of Diseases: A Comprehensive Review
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Abstract
Oxidative stress, a condition characterized by an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the body's antioxidant defenses, is implicated in the pathogenesis of various chronic diseases. This comprehensive review explores the intricate relationship between oxidants and antioxidants, emphasizing their roles in disease prevention and management. Oxidants, including free radicals and non-radical species, can induce cellular damage through lipid peroxidation, protein modification, and DNA damage. Conversely, antioxidants, both endogenous and exogenous, neutralize these harmful effects by scavenging ROS and enhancing the body's defense mechanisms. This review synthesizes current research on the biochemical mechanisms of oxidative stress, the impact of oxidative damage on cellular function, and the protective effects of antioxidants. Special attention is given to the role of dietary antioxidants and their therapeutic potential in conditions such as cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, diabetes, and cancer. By elucidating the dynamic balance between oxidants and antioxidants, this review highlights the importance of antioxidant strategies in disease prevention and underscores the need for further research to optimize their efficacy and safety in clinical applications.
keywords: Oxidants, Diseases, Antioxidants, Prevention
Oxidative stress, a condition characterized by an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the body's antioxidant defenses, is implicated in the pathogenesis of various chronic diseases. This comprehensive review explores the intricate relationship between oxidants and antioxidants, emphasizing their roles in disease prevention and management. Oxidants, including free radicals and non-radical species, can induce cellular damage through lipid peroxidation, protein modification, and DNA damage. Conversely, antioxidants, both endogenous and exogenous, neutralize these harmful effects by scavenging ROS and enhancing the body's defense mechanisms. This review synthesizes current research on the biochemical mechanisms of oxidative stress, the impact of oxidative damage on cellular function, and the protective effects of antioxidants. Special attention is given to the role of dietary antioxidants and their therapeutic potential in conditions such as cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, diabetes, and cancer. By elucidating the dynamic balance between oxidants and antioxidants, this review highlights the importance of antioxidant strategies in disease prevention and underscores the need for further research to optimize their efficacy and safety in clinical applications.
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References
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