Morphological and Biochemical Characterization of Synthesized TiO2 Nanoparticles for Enhanced Biotreatment of Pharmaceutical, Ayurvedic, and Culinary Wastewater
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Abstract
The rapid increase in pharmaceutical, Ayurvedic, and culinary wastewater production has led to growing environmental concerns, particularly in the context of wastewater treatment. These effluents are often rich in organic and inorganic pollutants, including biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), color, trace metals, and oils, posing significant challenges for wastewater treatment. This study investigates the synthesis and characterization of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles using plant extracts from Parthenium hysterophorus and Saccharum spontaneum. The green synthesis method, facilitated through spray drying, produced TiO2 nanoparticles with distinct morphological and biochemical properties that hold promise for biotreatment applications. The nanoparticles were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), revealing functional groups, crystal phases (rutile and anatase), and nanoparticle morphology ranging from spherical to hexagonal with sizes between 72.9 nm and 190 nm. The study also demonstrates the potential of electrochemical coagulation (ECC) as an efficient biotreatment method for pharmaceutical, Ayurvedic, and culinary wastewater. The results suggest that TiO2 nanoparticles, synthesized through a green approach, could serve as effective agents in the treatment of wastewater from diverse sectors, offering a sustainable and eco-friendly alternative for environmental remediation.
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References
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