Environmental Federalism in India: Exploring the Impact of Decentralised Governance and its Challenges
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Abstract
This research paper explores the dynamics of environmental federalism in India, focusing on the challenges and opportunities presented by decentralised governance within the nation’s federal structure. By examining the constitutional and legislative frameworks, it highlights the division of responsibilities between the Union, State, and Local governments in addressing environmental issues. Through an analysis of case studies, the paper identifies key challenges such as overlapping jurisdictions, resource disparities, and lack of coordination among governing bodies. It also draws comparative insights from global practices, emphasising the importance of cooperative federalism and localised interventions for sustainable environmental management. The paper concludes with actionable recommendations to strengthen decentralised governance, enhance intergovernmental collaboration, and empower local institutions for improved environmental stewardship in India.
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