Conceptual Review Of Arbuda In Ayurvedic Classics With Modern Correlation To Tumor

Abstract

Background: Arbuda is described in Ayurvedic literature as a Mamsa Pradoshaja Vikara characterized by localized, immovable, painless swelling with progressive growth, caused primarily by Vata and Kapha vitiation along with Mamsa, Meda, and Rakta involvement. Ancient texts such as Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, and Ashtanga Hridaya provide detailed descriptions of its Nidana, Lakshana, Samprapti, and Chikitsa. In modern medicine, tumors are abnormal masses of tissue resulting from uncontrolled cell proliferation, categorized into benign and malignant forms. The classical features of Arbuda resemble certain benign and malignant neoplasms described in oncology. Understanding Arbuda through both Ayurvedic and modern perspectives provides a holistic approach for prevention, early diagnosis, and integrative management. Aim To review the concept of Arbuda in Ayurveda and correlate it with modern tumor pathology. Objectives Compile Ayurvedic references on Arbuda. Describe its Nidana, Lakshana, Samprapti, and Chikitsa. Correlate Ayurvedic and modern concepts of tumors. Compare clinical features with benign and malignant types. Explore integrative management possibilities. Materials and Methods: A conceptual review was undertaken by analyzing classical Ayurvedic references from Brihattrayi and Laghutrayi, along with contemporary commentaries, Nighantus, and peer-reviewed modern oncology literature. Comparative analysis was performed between the Ayurvedic Lakshana, Samprapti, and Chikitsa of Arbuda and modern definitions, classifications, and pathophysiology of tumors. Results: Ayurvedic descriptions of Arbuda align with modern tumor pathology in aspects of etiological factors, progressive nature, and potential for malignancy in Dushta Arbuda. Kapha dominance explains the slow, firm growth, while Vata involvement accounts for the spread in malignant cases. Ayurvedic management strategies focus on Shodhana, Shamana, and Raktamokshana along with Rasayana to prevent recurrence, whereas modern oncology employs surgical excision, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and targeted therapies. Both approaches emphasize early detection for favorable prognosis. Conclusion: The correlation between Arbuda and tumors highlights the timeless relevance of Ayurvedic pathology and therapeutics in understanding neoplastic diseases. Integrative application of classical diagnostic principles with modern oncological interventions may enhance patient outcomes. Further research is needed for clinical validation of Ayurvedic interventions in tumor management.