Establishment the Biological Activity of Some Endophytic Fungi Isolated from Fig Trees (Ficus Carica) in Basrah Province

Abstract

The study aimed to find biologically active contents from endophytic fungi with evaluate their effectiveness as antibacterial and antifungal agents.

Leaves and stems samples were collected from Ficus carica from Al-Qurna groves in Basrah province of Iraq from December 2019 to February 2020. After that, fungal isolates were cultivated on semi-solid flour rice medium as fermentation medium for 40 days at 28^οC to yield secondary metabolites.

The results showed the isolation of 12 fungal isolates, Alternaria sp. appeared with the highest percentage followed by Aspergillus sp. Furthermore, the biological activity of fungal crude extracts showed an inhibition effect against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans with different effectiveness at 20 mg/ml. The bacterial isolates of S.aureus seen high susceptibility to crude extract of A. flavus and A. niger with inhibition zone 20mm for each one in comparison with gentamicin (12mm), as well as, E. coli revealed sensitivity toward raw material of Penicillium chrysogenum (35mm). On the other hand, the result appeared the bioproduct of A. niger with the highest activity against C. albicans (24mm) in compassion with ketoconazole (15mm).