Promoting Regional Cinema In India To Preserve Cultural Heritage - A Critical Analysis On Language Revitalization Efforts

Main Article Content

Ms. Rimma Quadros

Abstract

Cinema is relatable to people’s lives in India or it wouldn’t be wrong to say that cinema is an emotion to them. The 70mm screen gives an escape from the hustles and bustles of daily life and stress. Cinema gives liberty to cry, sing, laugh, and dance along. Films are made in every corner in India. Around 1800 films are made every year constantly in different languages and some are critically acclaimed across the nation and the world. Indian cinema makes world’s biggest film industry with over 3.5 billion tickets sold in 2011 all over the world.


Indian films have wide exposure across Southeast Asia and realistic films reach all over the world, including Eastern Africa, North America, the Middle East, Europe, and Asia. Considering the number of films produced and people working in the film industry, Bollywood is considered one of the biggest film industries in the world. This study aims to discuss various regional film industries in India representing various Indian languages and recent efforts on language revitalization through regional films.

Article Details

How to Cite
Ms. Rimma Quadros. (2023). Promoting Regional Cinema In India To Preserve Cultural Heritage - A Critical Analysis On Language Revitalization Efforts. Journal for ReAttach Therapy and Developmental Diversities, 6(8s), 916–923. https://doi.org/10.53555/jrtdd.v6i8s.2844
Section
Articles
Author Biography

Ms. Rimma Quadros

Coordinator at the Department of Multimedia and Mass Communication, Chikitsak Samuha’s Patkar- Varde College, Goregaon West 

References

Tsunoda, T. (2006). Language endangerment and language revitalization: An introduction. De Gruyter Mouton.

Pine, A., & Turin, M. (2017). Language revitalization. Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Linguistics. Vol. 1. Oxford University Press.

Lhawa, Y. (2019). Language revitalization, video, and mobile social media: A case study from the Khroskyabs language amongst Tibetans in China. Language Documentation & Conservation, 13, pp. 564-579.

Muhsina, N. (2021). Reviving Lakshadweep Dialect Through Films: Prospects and Impacts of Sinjar. Sparkling International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research Studies, 4(4).

Belhiah, H., Majdoubi, M., & Safwate, M. (2020). Language revitalization through the media: A case study of Amazigh in Morocco. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 2020(266), 121-141.

Meighan, P. J. (2021). Decolonizing the digital landscape: The role of technology in Indigenous language revitalization. AlterNative: An International Journal of Indigenous Peoples, 17(3), 397-405.

Fjellgren, P., & Huss, L. (2019). Overcoming silence and sorrow: Sami language revitalization in Sweden. International Journal of Human Rights Education, 3(1), 4.

Suroor, H. (2012). Sharmila Tagore honoured by Edinburgh University. Retrieved 13 September 2023, from https://www.thehindu.com/arts/sharmila-tagore-honoured-by-edinburgh-university/article4031942.ece.

Krishnan, M. (2021). How India's COVID crisis has changed Bollywood – DW. Retrieved 13 September 2023, from https://www.dw.com/en/how-indias-covid-crisis-has-changed-bollywood/a-58291931.

Mukherjee, N. & Joshi, T. (2021). Is South cinema the new Bollywood?. India Today. Retrieved 13 September 2023, from https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/is-south-cinema-the-new-bollywood-1890835-2021-12-22.

Leading film markets worldwide by number of films produced 2018 | Statista. (2023). Retrieved 13 September 2023, from https://www.statista.com/statistics/252727/leading-film-markets-worldwide-by-number-of-films-produced/.

Jacob, S. (2023). South Indian films outshine others in 2022, may maintain trend in 2023: CII. Business Standard. Retrieved from https://www.business-standard.com/india-news/south-indian-films-outshine-other-languages-in-2022-shows-cii-report-123041900702_1.html.

Basuroy, T. (2023). India: box office share by language 2022 | Statista. Retrieved 13 September 2023, from https://www.statista.com/statistics/948615/india-box-office-share-by-language/.

Financial Express (2020). India Box Office collections: Regional cinema led by Telugu, Tamil movies overtakes Bollywood | The Financial Express. Retrieved 13 September 2023, from https://www.financialexpress.com/entertainment/bollywoods-big-but-regional-cinema-is-also-raking-in-the-moolah/2020134/.

Srivatsan, S. (2022). The 'pan-Indian' strategy of Telugu cinema. Retrieved 13 September 2023, from https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/the-pan-indian-strategy-of-telugu-cinema/article38163523.ece.

Ramachandran, N. (2022). South Indian Cinema Rules as Bollywood Battles Box Office Blues - Variety. Retrieved 13 September 2023, from https://variety.com/2022/film/global/south-indian-cinema-bollywood-box-office-1235413448/.

Parkar, S. (2015). When Bollywood's ex-lovers reunited to work together. Mid-Day. Retrieved 14 September 2023, from http://www.mid-day.com/entertainment/bollywood-news/article/when-bollywood-s-ex-lovers-reunited-to-work-together-16044179.

De Bruyn, P., & Bain, K. (2004). Frommer's India (No. 13454). Wiley.

Gokulsing, K. M., & Dissanayake, W. (1998). Indian popular cinema: A narrative of cultural change. London: Trentham Books.

Ayaz, S. (2017). Revisiting Prakash Mehra’s Zanjeer: The film that made Amitabh Bachchan. The Indian Express. Retrieved 14 September 2023, from https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/revisiting-prakash-mehra-zanjeer-the-film-that-made-amitabh-bachchan-4714064/.

Raj, A. (2009). Hero Vol.2. Hay House. p. 21. ISBN 9789381398036.

Ganti, T. (2013). Bollywood: A guidebook to popular Hindi cinema. Routledge.

Chaudhuri, D. (2015). Written by Salim-Javed: The Story of Hindi Cinema’s Greatest Screenwriters. Penguin UK.

Kumar, S. (2003). Legends of Indian Cinema: Pen Portraits. Har-Anand Publications.

Mazumdar, R. (2007). Bombay cinema: An archive of the city. U of Minnesota Press.

Awaasthi, K. (2017). Deewaar was the perfect script: Amitabh Bachchan on 42 years of the cult film. Hindustan Times. Retrieved 14 September 2023, from https://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/deewaar-was-the-perfect-script-amitabh-bachchan-on-42-years-of-the-cult-film/story-x2hy87zQ0ebVlsVMV59U2I.html.

Joshi, P. (2017). How film-maker Nasir Husain started the trend for Bollywood masala films. Hindustan Times. Retrieved 14 September 2023, from https://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/how-film-maker-nasir-husain-created-the-prototype-for-bollywood-masala-films/story-ckL6zPLHJFDYoupjFBtbfN.html.

Bhaumik, K. (2016). An Insightful Reading of Our Many Indian Identities. The Wire. Retrieved from https://thewire.in/books/an-insightful-reading-of-our-many-indian-identities

News18 (2018). 65th National Film Awards LIVE: Sridevi Posthumously Awarded Best Actress; Vinod Khanna Honoured With Dada Saheb Phalke Award - News18. Retrieved 14 September 2023, from https://www.news18.com/news/movies/65th-national-film-awards-live-sridevi-posthumously-awarded-best-actress-vinod-khanna-honoured-with-dada-saheb-phalke-award-1717053.html

McNary, D. (2018). 'Black Panther' Leads Saturn Awards; 'Better Call Saul,' 'Twin Peaks' Top TV Trophies - Variety. Retrieved 14 September 2023, from https://variety.com/2018/film/news/saturn-awards-2018-black-panther-better-call-saul-twin-peaks-1202860077/

Sudhir, TS. (2017).Is Baahubali 2 a Hindu film? Dissecting religion, folklore, mythology in Rajamouli's epic saga-Entertainment News, Firstpost. Retrieved 14 September 2023, from https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/is-baahubali-2-a-hindu-film-bahubali-2-religion-rajamouli-3416228.html

Ramakrishnan, A. (2020). The Tamil Nadu Taxation Laws (Relaxation of Certain Provisions) Act, 2020 Keyword (s).

Pillai, S. (2016). Tamil film business in overseas market. Retrieved 14 September 2023, from https://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/tamil-film-business-in-overseas-market/article8483410.ece.

India Today (2016). First Indian talkie film Alam Ara was released on this day: Top silent era films. Retrieved 14 September 2023, from https://www.indiatoday.in/education-today/gk-current-affairs/story/silent-films-311163-2016-03-14.

Bose, I. (2013). Dadasaheb Torne, not Dadasaheb Phalke, was pioneer of Indian Cinema. DNA India. Retrieved 14 September 2023, from https://www.dnaindia.com/pune/report-dadasaheb-torne-not-dadasaheb-phalke-was-pioneer-of-indian-cinema-1826721.

Goldsmith, M. U., Willson, P. A., & Fonseca, A. J. (2016). The encyclopedia of musicians and bands on film. Rowman & Littlefield.

Kaitholil, J. (2008). Cinema History Malayalam Cinema. Retrieved from http://malayalamcinema.com/Content-4/CinemaHistory.html.

Gopalakrishnan (1997). Rediff On The Net, Movies: The Adoor Gopalakrishnan interview. Retrieved 14 September 2023, from http://www.rediff.com/movies/jul/31adoor.htm

Kumar, M. (2020). Wu Sha: The Chinese remake of Mohanlal starrer Drishyam is minting moolah. The Indian Express. Retrieved 14 September 2023, from https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/malayalam/mohanlal-drishyam-chinese-remake-box-office-6228054/.

Times of India (2021). Mohanlal-Jeethu Joseph’s ‘Drishyam’ to get an Indonesian remake!: Big Update | - Times of India. Retrieved 14 September 2023, from https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/big-update-mohanlal-jeethu-josephs-drishyam-to-get-an-indonesian-remake/articleshow/86284816.cms?from=mdr.

Joy, P. (2022). Kantara Twitter review: Celebs and netizens hail Rishab Shetty’s film as a masterpiece. OTTPlay. Retrieved 14 September 2023, from https://www.ottplay.com/news/kantara-twitter-review-celebs-and-netizens-hail-rishab-shettys-film-as-a-masterpiece/a62eac765e36.

Banerjee, S., & Srivastava, A. (1988). One Hundred Indian Feature Films: An Annotated Filmography. Taylor & Francis.

Shenoy, M. (2010). When it rained films. Deccan Herald.

Thanjavur, K.K. (2022). KGF Chapter 2 Closing Collections : యశ్ కేజీఎఫ్ ఛాప్టర్ 2 క్లోజింగ్ కలెక్షన్స్.. ఎన్ని వందల కోట్ల లాభం అంటే. News18 Telugu. Retrieved 14 September 2023, from https://telugu.news18.com/news/movies/yash-prashanth-neel-kgf-chapter-2-total-world-wide-box-office-closing-collections-ta-1327904.html

Asianet (2022). Yash’s KGF: Chapter 2 makes multiple records in Canada. Retrieved 14 September 2023, from https://newsable.asianetnews.com/gallery/entertainment/yash-kgf-chapter-2-makes-multiple-records-in-canada-drb-rcfwqh#image1

Mitra, S. (2018). The story of KGF is fresh and special for Indian cinema: Yash. The New Indian Express. Retrieved 14 September 2023, from https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/kannada/2018/dec/05/no-technology-can-replace-the-theatrical-experience-1907707.html.

Dhaan, M.S. (2006). The man who changed Kannada cinema. Rediff.com. Retrieved from https://www.rediff.com/movies/2006/apr/13ms.htm.

India Today (2019). Yash reveals he has approached Sanjay Dutt for KGF Chapter 2. Retrieved 14 September 2023, from https://www.indiatoday.in/amp/movies/regional-cinema/story/yash-reveals-he-has-approached-sanjay-dutt-for-kgf-chapter-2-1452187-2019-02-09.

Pine, A., & Turin, M. (2017). Language Revitalization. Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Linguistics. doi: 10.1093/acrefore/9780199384655.013.8.

Anchimbe, E. A. (2006). Functional seclusion and the future of indigenous languages in Africa: The case of Cameroon. In Selected proceedings of the 35th annual conference on African linguistics (pp. 94-103). Somerville, MA: Cascadilla Proceedings Project.

Bulcha, M. (1997). The politics of linguistic homogenization in Ethiopia and the conflict over the status of Afaan Oromoo. African affairs, 96(384), 325-352.

IBEF (2023). Media And Entertainment Industry Report. Retrieved from https://www.ibef.org/industry/media-entertainment-india.