Literary Echoes: Ethno-Political and Spiritual Narratives in Indian Mountain Music

Abstract

The research dwells into a literary exploration of mountain music from India, analysing its ethno-political and spiritual dimensions through the lens of narrative theory, cultural studies, and ethnomusicology. Drawing on Barthes' Death of the Author concept, the study treats the listener as the primary interpreter of the musical texts, emphasizing the multiplicity of meanings in mountain songs. The concept of intertextuality, rooted in Barthes’ notion of a "tissue of quotations," is employed to examine the relationship between these songs and regional spiritual traditions. Additionally, semiotic analysis uncovers the symbolic elements embedded in the melodies and lyrics.

The paper also delves into the historical and political roles of mountain music, using Subaltern Studies and oral tradition to explore how these songs serve as vehicles for the expression of marginalized voices. The Natyashastra is referenced to connect the spiritual and performative elements of these musical traditions. Using the song Banka Mulk by Loki Verma (Himalayan Routes), this research highlights how the natural environment and devotional practices shape the musical landscape of the mountains, while documenting the influence of political movements and social struggles on this song.

The study argues that while mountain music continues to evolve, its cultural, spiritual, and political significance remains intact. By combining literary, historical, and cultural frameworks, the research underscores the importance of these musical traditions in shaping both local identities and global music cultures.