Ayurvedic Approaches To Detoxification: Review Of Panchakarma And Agada Remedies In Visha Management

Abstract

Background: The increasing global burden of environmental, dietary, and lifestyle-induced toxicity has reignited interest in traditional detoxification methods. Ayurveda, the ancient Indian system of medicine, offers a holistic and individualized approach to detoxification, primarily through Panchakarma therapies and Agada remedies. These modalities not only aim to eliminate toxins (Visha) but also restore doshic balance, enhance immunity, and prevent disease recurrence. Classical Ayurvedic texts like Charaka Samhita and Sushruta Samhita extensively detail the etiology, classification, and management of various types of Visha using both Shodhana (bio-purificatory) and Shamana (palliative) interventions. Aim: To review Ayurvedic detoxification strategies with a specific focus on Panchakarma therapies and Agada Tantra in the management of Visha (toxicity). Objectives: To explore the classical Ayurvedic concepts of Visha and its types. To critically analyze the role of Panchakarma procedures in the elimination of toxins. To evaluate the therapeutic applications of Agada formulations in acute and chronic toxic conditions. To correlate Ayurvedic detoxification techniques with modern toxicology and detox strategies. Materials and Methods: This is a qualitative and narrative review based on classical Ayurvedic texts (Brihattrayi, Laghutrayi), relevant Agada Tantra treatises, and peer-reviewed modern research articles from PubMed, AYUSH Research Portal, and Google Scholar. Specific Panchakarma therapies such as Vamana, Virechana, Basti, Nasya, and Raktamokshana were examined in relation to Visha Chikitsa, alongside key Agada formulations like Vishaghna Mahakashaya, Mahagandhaka Agada, Trivrita Agada, and others. Results: The analysis revealed that Panchakarma plays a crucial role in both Bahya (external) and Abhyantara (internal) elimination of toxins, while Agada remedies serve as potent antidotes with Rasayana, Shothahara, Vedanasthapana, and Krimighna properties. The integration of both modalities provides a comprehensive framework for the prevention and management of acute poisonings, chronic toxic load, and lifestyle-induced disorders. Conclusion: Ayurveda offers a time-tested and multi-dimensional approach to detoxification through Panchakarma and Agada Tantra. These therapies are relevant in contemporary contexts, particularly in managing chronic toxicity and environmental exposure. Future clinical research and pharmacological standardization of Agada formulations may further establish their role in integrative toxicology.