Sprint Performance Outcomes After Short-Term High-Altitude Camp Interventions
Main Article Content
Abstract
The study investigated how two repeated-sprint training formats in hypoxia during a 3-week altitude camp (natural altitude: ~1,850 m; simulated hypoxia: ~3,000 m) affected sprint performance in elite female rugby players. Players completed 5 repeated‑sprint sessions while living and training at altitude. Maximal and mean power outputs were measured before and after the intervention. Both maximal and mean power outputs increased significantly after the altitude camp with repeated‑sprint training. A higher exercise-to-rest ratio produced a greater increase in mean power output. Performing repeated‑sprint training during an altitude camp can improve sprint performance, and specific training protocol variables (like work-to-rest ratio) influence the degree of performance gains.
Article Details
References
Bhattarai, P., Paudel, B. H., Thakur, D., Bhattarai, B., Subedi, B., & Khadka, R. (2018). Effect of long-term high-altitude exposure on cardiovascular autonomic adjustment during rest and post-exercise recovery. Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 30(34), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-018-0240-1.
Billat, V., Lepretre, P. M., Heugas, A. M., Laurence, M. H., Salim, D., & Koralsztein, J.P. (2003). Training and bioenergetic characteristics in elite male and female Kenyan runners. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 35(2), 297–304. https://doi.org/10.1249/01.MSS.0000053556.59992.A9.
Botonis, P. G., Arsoniadis, G. G., Platanou, T. I., & Toubekis, A. G. (2020). Heart rate recovery responses after acute training load changes in top-class water polo players. European Journal of Sport Science, 21(4), 1–25. https://doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2020.1736181.
Carr, A.J., Vallance, B.S., Rothwell, J., Rea, A.E., Burke, L.M., & Guy, J.H. (2022). Competing in Hot Conditions at the Tokyo Olympic Games: Preparation Strategies Used by Australian Race Walkers. Frontiers in Physiology,13, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2022.836858.
Chodor, W., Chmura, P., Chmura, J., Andrzejewski, M., Jówko, E., Buraczewski, T., Drozdzowski, A., Rokita, A., & Konefał, M. (2021). Impact of climatic conditions projected at the World Cup in Qatar 2022 on repeated maximal efforts in soccer players. PeerJ, 9, 1–16. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.12658.
Flouris, A. D., Poirier, M. P., Bravi, A., Wright, H. E., Christophe, B., Seely, A. J., & Kenny, G. P. (2014). Changes in heart rate variability during the induction and decay of heat acclimation. Eur J Appl Physiol, 114, 2119–2128. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-014-2935-5.
Garvican-lewis, L. A., Clark, S. A., Polglaze, T., Mcfadden, G., & Gore, C. J. (2013). Ten days of simulated live high: train low altitude training increases Hbmass in elite water polo players. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 47, 70–73. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2013-092746.
Gore, C., Craig, N., Hahn, A., Rice, A., Bourdon, P., Walsh, C., Stanef, T., Barnes, P., Parisotto, R., Martin, D., & Pyne, D. (1998). Altitude Training at 2690m does not Increase Total Haemoglobin Mass or Sea Level VO2max in World Champion Track Cyclists. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 1, 156–170.
Harding, S. (2011). The Tropical Agenda. Journal of Tropical Psychology, 1(1), 2–5. https://doi.org/10.1375/jtp.1.1.2.
Huang, G., Shi, X., Davis-Brezette, J. A., & Osness, W. H. (2005). Resting heart rate changes after endurance training in older adults: A meta-analysis. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 37(8), 1381–1386. https://doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000174899.35392.0c
Michael J. Hamlin, Nick Draper and John Hellemans (2013). Real and Simulated Altitude Training and Performance. In Current Issues in Sports and Exercise Medicine. https://doi.org/10.5772/53724
Kiflu, A., Beyene, S., & Jeff, S. (2016). Characterization of problem soils in and around the south-central Ethiopian Rift Valley. Journal of Soil Science and Environmental Management, 7(11), 191–203. https://doi.org/10.5897/jssem2016.0593.
La Gerche, A., Taylor, A. J., & Prior, D. L. (2009). Athlete’s Heart: The Potential for Multimodality Imaging to Address the Critical Remaining Questions. JACC: Cardiovascular Imaging, 2(3), 350–363. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcmg.2008.12.011.
Levine, B. D., & Stray-Gundersen, J. (1997). “Living high-training low”: Effect of moderate-altitude acclimatization with low-altitude training on performance. Journal of Applied Physiology, 83(1), 102–112. https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1997.83.1.102.
McLean, B. D., Buttifant, D., Gore, C. J., White, K., Liess, C., & Kemp, J. (2013). Physiological and performance responses to a preseason altitude-training camp in elite team-sport athletes. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 8(4), 391–399. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.8.4.391.
Mirrakhimov, M. M., & Winslow, R. M. (1996). The Cardiovascular System at High Altitude. In Comprehensive Physiology (pp. 1241–1257). Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/cphy.cp040253.
Ruiz, J. R., Gómez-Gallego, F., Santiago, C., González-Freire, M., Verde, Z., Foster, C., & Lucia, A. (2009). Is there an optimum endurance polygenic profile? Journal of Physiology, 587(7), 1527–1534. https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.2008.166645.
Rusko, H. K., Tikkanen, H. O., & Peltonen, J. E. (2004). Altitude and endurance training. Journal of Sports Sciences, 22(10), 928–945. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410400005933.