Ayurvedic Perspective on the Benefits of Dhumapana Following Tarpana Therapy

Abstract

Kriyakalpa is the systematic application of medicinal preparations to the eyes for therapeutic purposes. These therapeutic procedures for the prevention and management of diseases affecting the organs situated above the clavicle (~Urdhvajatrugata Roga). Tarpana, a nourishing ocular therapy, is widely used to strengthen ocular tissues, improve visual acuity, and alleviate ocular disorders caused by Vata and Pitta predominance. Tarpana is an effective treatment for various eye diseases, including Abhishyanda (~conjunctival disorders), Shushkakshipaka (~dry eye syndrome), Timira (~early refractive and degenerative disorders) and visual weakness. Dhumapana is a therapeutic procedure in which medicated smoke prepared from specific herbs is inhaled through the nose and exhaled through the mouth.  It is described as an important measure to eliminate aggravated Kapha Dosha from the head and neck region and to prevent diseases of the eyes, nose, ears, throat, and oral cavity. It recommends administering Dhumapana after Tarapan procedures to eliminate excessive Kapha that may accumulate due to the unctuous nature of medicated Ghrita.  The procedure facilitates the expulsion of aggravated Kapha from the head's channels, improves the functioning of the sensory organs, and prevents complications associated with excessive lubrication. The present review explores the therapeutic benefits of Dhumapana following Tarpana therapy. Special emphasis is placed on the role of Dhumapana in maintaining Doshic balance, improving ocular outcomes, preventing Kapha-related complications, and promoting the overall health of the Urdhvajatru region.